废旧轮胎回收制造再生橡胶 纪录片

来源: 作者: 发表时间:2014-12-31

 【本视频片段截取自Discovery栏目的《How.It's.Made》第一季第四集】

以下内容依据字幕整理:

有没想过旧轮胎都去哪儿了?信不信由你,它们被用来制造橡胶垫,能铺满整个球场。很实用的废物利用。
Ever wonder what happens to old used tires? Believe it or not, we now use them to manufacture rubber mats. that can cover an entire arena. Now that's great recycling.

旧轮胎是极大的潜在污染源,这一堆旧轮胎大概有十万只。
至少,它们还会有第二次生命,会被回收用于橡胶垫的生产。
Used tires are real source of pollution.This pile represents about a hundred thousand of them.
At any rate, these tires will have a second life. They'll be recycled to make rubber mats.

这座工厂每天回收15000只轮胎,轮胎需要被磨成细小颗粒才能回收利用。
但首先,传送带会将轮胎送入冲洗机,要用水基可降解试剂冲洗,随后轮胎被送往粉碎机。
粉碎机有两排大锯牙,它们将轮胎碾压成碎片。
这台粉碎机每小时能粉碎一千只轮胎,经过此道工序,轮胎片已经很小了。接着碎片再次被送入粉碎机,工人用磁铁将金属从橡胶中分离出来,金属片会在另外的工厂进行回收。
轮胎的其他成分:如纤维玻璃和尼龙,也需要被分离出来,工作人员用筛子将不需要的垃圾去除。
经过净化的橡胶回收颗粒,直径约为2.5毫米,这座回收仓里堆积了约16吨轮胎颗粒。但这些颗粒仍体积过大无法使用,它们被送到二类粉碎机的输入箱中,再次进行碎化。这台翻斗车将原料送进二类粉碎机,碾压使橡胶颗粒变成粉末状。
橡胶末在这些巨大的模子上铺开,这个模子长7米、宽1.2米,模子的厚度视不同产品而定,填满了橡胶粉末的模子存储在压力机的载料弹仓中,一旦填满,就送到橡胶垫压力机中。
这就是橡胶垫压力机,橡胶末需要在极高温下加热约30分钟,加热时间视不同产品而定,加热过的橡胶垫从模子里取出后,被送去冷却,橡胶垫温度极高,需用喷射的水流冷却数分钟。
冷却的垫子将被送到下一个车间,这条传送带负责切割前将垫子送入准确位置。通过振动,垫子中多余的水分被去除,每块橡胶垫被切成三小块,切好的垫子码成叠存储起来等待出厂。

这家公司还制造汽车挡泥板,它们的制作过程与先前的橡胶垫相同,在水中冷却后但仍有余温时,工作人员将多余的橡胶去除,这道工序叫做开槽。
这间工厂还使用相同的生产方法,制造硬质橡胶圈,原料当然还是旧轮胎。在12小时内,这间工厂用废旧轮胎生产了超过1万2千件橡胶垫,这对我们的环境来说可是好消息。

Each day in this factory, they recycle 15,000 tires into mats. Tires have to be reduced to little granules.
But first, this conveyor feeds the tires into the washer. Tires are washed with a water-based biodegradable preparation. Then they are sent to the shredder.
The shredder has two rows of large teeth. These grind up the tires into pieces.
This shredder is able to cut up almost 1,000 tires an hour. They come out as fairly good sized pieces of tires,
which are then shredded a second time. Metal is magnetically separated from the rubber, and metal pieces are recycled at another factory.
Other components of the tires, such as fiberglass and nylon, also have to be separated. They use a sifter to get out unwanted rubbish.